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   1  <?php
   2  /**
   3   * cURL HTTP transport
   4   *
   5   * @package Requests\Transport
   6   */
   7  
   8  namespace WpOrg\Requests\Transport;
   9  
  10  use RecursiveArrayIterator;
  11  use RecursiveIteratorIterator;
  12  use WpOrg\Requests\Capability;
  13  use WpOrg\Requests\Exception;
  14  use WpOrg\Requests\Exception\InvalidArgument;
  15  use WpOrg\Requests\Exception\Transport\Curl as CurlException;
  16  use WpOrg\Requests\Requests;
  17  use WpOrg\Requests\Transport;
  18  use WpOrg\Requests\Utility\InputValidator;
  19  
  20  /**
  21   * cURL HTTP transport
  22   *
  23   * @package Requests\Transport
  24   */
  25  final class Curl implements Transport {
  26      const CURL_7_10_5 = 0x070A05;
  27      const CURL_7_16_2 = 0x071002;
  28  
  29      /**
  30       * Raw HTTP data
  31       *
  32       * @var string
  33       */
  34      public $headers = '';
  35  
  36      /**
  37       * Raw body data
  38       *
  39       * @var string
  40       */
  41      public $response_data = '';
  42  
  43      /**
  44       * Information on the current request
  45       *
  46       * @var array cURL information array, see {@link https://www.php.net/curl_getinfo}
  47       */
  48      public $info;
  49  
  50      /**
  51       * cURL version number
  52       *
  53       * @var int
  54       */
  55      public $version;
  56  
  57      /**
  58       * cURL handle
  59       *
  60       * @var resource|\CurlHandle Resource in PHP < 8.0, Instance of CurlHandle in PHP >= 8.0.
  61       */
  62      private $handle;
  63  
  64      /**
  65       * Hook dispatcher instance
  66       *
  67       * @var \WpOrg\Requests\Hooks
  68       */
  69      private $hooks;
  70  
  71      /**
  72       * Have we finished the headers yet?
  73       *
  74       * @var boolean
  75       */
  76      private $done_headers = false;
  77  
  78      /**
  79       * If streaming to a file, keep the file pointer
  80       *
  81       * @var resource
  82       */
  83      private $stream_handle;
  84  
  85      /**
  86       * How many bytes are in the response body?
  87       *
  88       * @var int
  89       */
  90      private $response_bytes;
  91  
  92      /**
  93       * What's the maximum number of bytes we should keep?
  94       *
  95       * @var int|bool Byte count, or false if no limit.
  96       */
  97      private $response_byte_limit;
  98  
  99      /**
 100       * Constructor
 101       */
 102  	public function __construct() {
 103          $curl          = curl_version();
 104          $this->version = $curl['version_number'];
 105          $this->handle  = curl_init();
 106  
 107          curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
 108          curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
 109          if ($this->version >= self::CURL_7_10_5) {
 110              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_ENCODING, '');
 111          }
 112  
 113          if (defined('CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS')) {
 114              // phpcs:ignore PHPCompatibility.Constants.NewConstants.curlopt_protocolsFound
 115              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS, CURLPROTO_HTTP | CURLPROTO_HTTPS);
 116          }
 117  
 118          if (defined('CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS')) {
 119              // phpcs:ignore PHPCompatibility.Constants.NewConstants.curlopt_redir_protocolsFound
 120              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS, CURLPROTO_HTTP | CURLPROTO_HTTPS);
 121          }
 122      }
 123  
 124      /**
 125       * Destructor
 126       */
 127  	public function __destruct() {
 128          if (is_resource($this->handle)) {
 129              curl_close($this->handle);
 130          }
 131      }
 132  
 133      /**
 134       * Perform a request
 135       *
 136       * @param string|Stringable $url URL to request
 137       * @param array $headers Associative array of request headers
 138       * @param string|array $data Data to send either as the POST body, or as parameters in the URL for a GET/HEAD
 139       * @param array $options Request options, see {@see \WpOrg\Requests\Requests::response()} for documentation
 140       * @return string Raw HTTP result
 141       *
 142       * @throws \WpOrg\Requests\Exception\InvalidArgument When the passed $url argument is not a string or Stringable.
 143       * @throws \WpOrg\Requests\Exception\InvalidArgument When the passed $headers argument is not an array.
 144       * @throws \WpOrg\Requests\Exception\InvalidArgument When the passed $data parameter is not an array or string.
 145       * @throws \WpOrg\Requests\Exception\InvalidArgument When the passed $options argument is not an array.
 146       * @throws \WpOrg\Requests\Exception       On a cURL error (`curlerror`)
 147       */
 148  	public function request($url, $headers = [], $data = [], $options = []) {
 149          if (InputValidator::is_string_or_stringable($url) === false) {
 150              throw InvalidArgument::create(1, '$url', 'string|Stringable', gettype($url));
 151          }
 152  
 153          if (is_array($headers) === false) {
 154              throw InvalidArgument::create(2, '$headers', 'array', gettype($headers));
 155          }
 156  
 157          if (!is_array($data) && !is_string($data)) {
 158              if ($data === null) {
 159                  $data = '';
 160              } else {
 161                  throw InvalidArgument::create(3, '$data', 'array|string', gettype($data));
 162              }
 163          }
 164  
 165          if (is_array($options) === false) {
 166              throw InvalidArgument::create(4, '$options', 'array', gettype($options));
 167          }
 168  
 169          $this->hooks = $options['hooks'];
 170  
 171          $this->setup_handle($url, $headers, $data, $options);
 172  
 173          $options['hooks']->dispatch('curl.before_send', [&$this->handle]);
 174  
 175          if ($options['filename'] !== false) {
 176              // phpcs:ignore WordPress.PHP.NoSilencedErrors -- Silenced the PHP native warning in favour of throwing an exception.
 177              $this->stream_handle = @fopen($options['filename'], 'wb');
 178              if ($this->stream_handle === false) {
 179                  $error = error_get_last();
 180                  throw new Exception($error['message'], 'fopen');
 181              }
 182          }
 183  
 184          $this->response_data       = '';
 185          $this->response_bytes      = 0;
 186          $this->response_byte_limit = false;
 187          if ($options['max_bytes'] !== false) {
 188              $this->response_byte_limit = $options['max_bytes'];
 189          }
 190  
 191          if (isset($options['verify'])) {
 192              if ($options['verify'] === false) {
 193                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0);
 194                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
 195              } elseif (is_string($options['verify'])) {
 196                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_CAINFO, $options['verify']);
 197              }
 198          }
 199  
 200          if (isset($options['verifyname']) && $options['verifyname'] === false) {
 201              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0);
 202          }
 203  
 204          curl_exec($this->handle);
 205          $response = $this->response_data;
 206  
 207          $options['hooks']->dispatch('curl.after_send', []);
 208  
 209          if (curl_errno($this->handle) === CURLE_WRITE_ERROR || curl_errno($this->handle) === CURLE_BAD_CONTENT_ENCODING) {
 210              // Reset encoding and try again
 211              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_ENCODING, 'none');
 212  
 213              $this->response_data  = '';
 214              $this->response_bytes = 0;
 215              curl_exec($this->handle);
 216              $response = $this->response_data;
 217          }
 218  
 219          $this->process_response($response, $options);
 220  
 221          // Need to remove the $this reference from the curl handle.
 222          // Otherwise \WpOrg\Requests\Transport\Curl won't be garbage collected and the curl_close() will never be called.
 223          curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION, null);
 224          curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, null);
 225  
 226          return $this->headers;
 227      }
 228  
 229      /**
 230       * Send multiple requests simultaneously
 231       *
 232       * @param array $requests Request data
 233       * @param array $options Global options
 234       * @return array Array of \WpOrg\Requests\Response objects (may contain \WpOrg\Requests\Exception or string responses as well)
 235       *
 236       * @throws \WpOrg\Requests\Exception\InvalidArgument When the passed $requests argument is not an array or iterable object with array access.
 237       * @throws \WpOrg\Requests\Exception\InvalidArgument When the passed $options argument is not an array.
 238       */
 239  	public function request_multiple($requests, $options) {
 240          // If you're not requesting, we can't get any responses ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
 241          if (empty($requests)) {
 242              return [];
 243          }
 244  
 245          if (InputValidator::has_array_access($requests) === false || InputValidator::is_iterable($requests) === false) {
 246              throw InvalidArgument::create(1, '$requests', 'array|ArrayAccess&Traversable', gettype($requests));
 247          }
 248  
 249          if (is_array($options) === false) {
 250              throw InvalidArgument::create(2, '$options', 'array', gettype($options));
 251          }
 252  
 253          $multihandle = curl_multi_init();
 254          $subrequests = [];
 255          $subhandles  = [];
 256  
 257          $class = get_class($this);
 258          foreach ($requests as $id => $request) {
 259              $subrequests[$id] = new $class();
 260              $subhandles[$id]  = $subrequests[$id]->get_subrequest_handle($request['url'], $request['headers'], $request['data'], $request['options']);
 261              $request['options']['hooks']->dispatch('curl.before_multi_add', [&$subhandles[$id]]);
 262              curl_multi_add_handle($multihandle, $subhandles[$id]);
 263          }
 264  
 265          $completed       = 0;
 266          $responses       = [];
 267          $subrequestcount = count($subrequests);
 268  
 269          $request['options']['hooks']->dispatch('curl.before_multi_exec', [&$multihandle]);
 270  
 271          do {
 272              $active = 0;
 273  
 274              do {
 275                  $status = curl_multi_exec($multihandle, $active);
 276              } while ($status === CURLM_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM);
 277  
 278              $to_process = [];
 279  
 280              // Read the information as needed
 281              while ($done = curl_multi_info_read($multihandle)) {
 282                  $key = array_search($done['handle'], $subhandles, true);
 283                  if (!isset($to_process[$key])) {
 284                      $to_process[$key] = $done;
 285                  }
 286              }
 287  
 288              // Parse the finished requests before we start getting the new ones
 289              foreach ($to_process as $key => $done) {
 290                  $options = $requests[$key]['options'];
 291                  if ($done['result'] !== CURLE_OK) {
 292                      //get error string for handle.
 293                      $reason          = curl_error($done['handle']);
 294                      $exception       = new CurlException(
 295                          $reason,
 296                          CurlException::EASY,
 297                          $done['handle'],
 298                          $done['result']
 299                      );
 300                      $responses[$key] = $exception;
 301                      $options['hooks']->dispatch('transport.internal.parse_error', [&$responses[$key], $requests[$key]]);
 302                  } else {
 303                      $responses[$key] = $subrequests[$key]->process_response($subrequests[$key]->response_data, $options);
 304  
 305                      $options['hooks']->dispatch('transport.internal.parse_response', [&$responses[$key], $requests[$key]]);
 306                  }
 307  
 308                  curl_multi_remove_handle($multihandle, $done['handle']);
 309                  curl_close($done['handle']);
 310  
 311                  if (!is_string($responses[$key])) {
 312                      $options['hooks']->dispatch('multiple.request.complete', [&$responses[$key], $key]);
 313                  }
 314  
 315                  $completed++;
 316              }
 317          } while ($active || $completed < $subrequestcount);
 318  
 319          $request['options']['hooks']->dispatch('curl.after_multi_exec', [&$multihandle]);
 320  
 321          curl_multi_close($multihandle);
 322  
 323          return $responses;
 324      }
 325  
 326      /**
 327       * Get the cURL handle for use in a multi-request
 328       *
 329       * @param string $url URL to request
 330       * @param array $headers Associative array of request headers
 331       * @param string|array $data Data to send either as the POST body, or as parameters in the URL for a GET/HEAD
 332       * @param array $options Request options, see {@see \WpOrg\Requests\Requests::response()} for documentation
 333       * @return resource|\CurlHandle Subrequest's cURL handle
 334       */
 335      public function &get_subrequest_handle($url, $headers, $data, $options) {
 336          $this->setup_handle($url, $headers, $data, $options);
 337  
 338          if ($options['filename'] !== false) {
 339              $this->stream_handle = fopen($options['filename'], 'wb');
 340          }
 341  
 342          $this->response_data       = '';
 343          $this->response_bytes      = 0;
 344          $this->response_byte_limit = false;
 345          if ($options['max_bytes'] !== false) {
 346              $this->response_byte_limit = $options['max_bytes'];
 347          }
 348  
 349          $this->hooks = $options['hooks'];
 350  
 351          return $this->handle;
 352      }
 353  
 354      /**
 355       * Setup the cURL handle for the given data
 356       *
 357       * @param string $url URL to request
 358       * @param array $headers Associative array of request headers
 359       * @param string|array $data Data to send either as the POST body, or as parameters in the URL for a GET/HEAD
 360       * @param array $options Request options, see {@see \WpOrg\Requests\Requests::response()} for documentation
 361       */
 362  	private function setup_handle($url, $headers, $data, $options) {
 363          $options['hooks']->dispatch('curl.before_request', [&$this->handle]);
 364  
 365          // Force closing the connection for old versions of cURL (<7.22).
 366          if (!isset($headers['Connection'])) {
 367              $headers['Connection'] = 'close';
 368          }
 369  
 370          /**
 371           * Add "Expect" header.
 372           *
 373           * By default, cURL adds a "Expect: 100-Continue" to most requests. This header can
 374           * add as much as a second to the time it takes for cURL to perform a request. To
 375           * prevent this, we need to set an empty "Expect" header. To match the behaviour of
 376           * Guzzle, we'll add the empty header to requests that are smaller than 1 MB and use
 377           * HTTP/1.1.
 378           *
 379           * https://curl.se/mail/lib-2017-07/0013.html
 380           */
 381          if (!isset($headers['Expect']) && $options['protocol_version'] === 1.1) {
 382              $headers['Expect'] = $this->get_expect_header($data);
 383          }
 384  
 385          $headers = Requests::flatten($headers);
 386  
 387          if (!empty($data)) {
 388              $data_format = $options['data_format'];
 389  
 390              if ($data_format === 'query') {
 391                  $url  = self::format_get($url, $data);
 392                  $data = '';
 393              } elseif (!is_string($data)) {
 394                  $data = http_build_query($data, '', '&');
 395              }
 396          }
 397  
 398          switch ($options['type']) {
 399              case Requests::POST:
 400                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_POST, true);
 401                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
 402                  break;
 403              case Requests::HEAD:
 404                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, $options['type']);
 405                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_NOBODY, true);
 406                  break;
 407              case Requests::TRACE:
 408                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, $options['type']);
 409                  break;
 410              case Requests::PATCH:
 411              case Requests::PUT:
 412              case Requests::DELETE:
 413              case Requests::OPTIONS:
 414              default:
 415                  curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, $options['type']);
 416                  if (!empty($data)) {
 417                      curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);
 418                  }
 419          }
 420  
 421          // cURL requires a minimum timeout of 1 second when using the system
 422          // DNS resolver, as it uses `alarm()`, which is second resolution only.
 423          // There's no way to detect which DNS resolver is being used from our
 424          // end, so we need to round up regardless of the supplied timeout.
 425          //
 426          // https://github.com/curl/curl/blob/4f45240bc84a9aa648c8f7243be7b79e9f9323a5/lib/hostip.c#L606-L609
 427          $timeout = max($options['timeout'], 1);
 428  
 429          if (is_int($timeout) || $this->version < self::CURL_7_16_2) {
 430              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, ceil($timeout));
 431          } else {
 432              // phpcs:ignore PHPCompatibility.Constants.NewConstants.curlopt_timeout_msFound
 433              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS, round($timeout * 1000));
 434          }
 435  
 436          if (is_int($options['connect_timeout']) || $this->version < self::CURL_7_16_2) {
 437              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, ceil($options['connect_timeout']));
 438          } else {
 439              // phpcs:ignore PHPCompatibility.Constants.NewConstants.curlopt_connecttimeout_msFound
 440              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT_MS, round($options['connect_timeout'] * 1000));
 441          }
 442  
 443          curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
 444          curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $options['useragent']);
 445          if (!empty($headers)) {
 446              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
 447          }
 448  
 449          if ($options['protocol_version'] === 1.1) {
 450              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_1);
 451          } else {
 452              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION, CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_0);
 453          }
 454  
 455          if ($options['blocking'] === true) {
 456              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION, [$this, 'stream_headers']);
 457              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, [$this, 'stream_body']);
 458              curl_setopt($this->handle, CURLOPT_BUFFERSIZE, Requests::BUFFER_SIZE);
 459          }
 460      }
 461  
 462      /**
 463       * Process a response
 464       *
 465       * @param string $response Response data from the body
 466       * @param array $options Request options
 467       * @return string|false HTTP response data including headers. False if non-blocking.
 468       * @throws \WpOrg\Requests\Exception If the request resulted in a cURL error.
 469       */
 470  	public function process_response($response, $options) {
 471          if ($options['blocking'] === false) {
 472              $fake_headers = '';
 473              $options['hooks']->dispatch('curl.after_request', [&$fake_headers]);
 474              return false;
 475          }
 476  
 477          if ($options['filename'] !== false && $this->stream_handle) {
 478              fclose($this->stream_handle);
 479              $this->headers = trim($this->headers);
 480          } else {
 481              $this->headers .= $response;
 482          }
 483  
 484          if (curl_errno($this->handle)) {
 485              $error = sprintf(
 486                  'cURL error %s: %s',
 487                  curl_errno($this->handle),
 488                  curl_error($this->handle)
 489              );
 490              throw new Exception($error, 'curlerror', $this->handle);
 491          }
 492  
 493          $this->info = curl_getinfo($this->handle);
 494  
 495          $options['hooks']->dispatch('curl.after_request', [&$this->headers, &$this->info]);
 496          return $this->headers;
 497      }
 498  
 499      /**
 500       * Collect the headers as they are received
 501       *
 502       * @param resource|\CurlHandle $handle cURL handle
 503       * @param string $headers Header string
 504       * @return integer Length of provided header
 505       */
 506  	public function stream_headers($handle, $headers) {
 507          // Why do we do this? cURL will send both the final response and any
 508          // interim responses, such as a 100 Continue. We don't need that.
 509          // (We may want to keep this somewhere just in case)
 510          if ($this->done_headers) {
 511              $this->headers      = '';
 512              $this->done_headers = false;
 513          }
 514  
 515          $this->headers .= $headers;
 516  
 517          if ($headers === "\r\n") {
 518              $this->done_headers = true;
 519          }
 520  
 521          return strlen($headers);
 522      }
 523  
 524      /**
 525       * Collect data as it's received
 526       *
 527       * @since 1.6.1
 528       *
 529       * @param resource|\CurlHandle $handle cURL handle
 530       * @param string $data Body data
 531       * @return integer Length of provided data
 532       */
 533  	public function stream_body($handle, $data) {
 534          $this->hooks->dispatch('request.progress', [$data, $this->response_bytes, $this->response_byte_limit]);
 535          $data_length = strlen($data);
 536  
 537          // Are we limiting the response size?
 538          if ($this->response_byte_limit) {
 539              if ($this->response_bytes === $this->response_byte_limit) {
 540                  // Already at maximum, move on
 541                  return $data_length;
 542              }
 543  
 544              if (($this->response_bytes + $data_length) > $this->response_byte_limit) {
 545                  // Limit the length
 546                  $limited_length = ($this->response_byte_limit - $this->response_bytes);
 547                  $data           = substr($data, 0, $limited_length);
 548              }
 549          }
 550  
 551          if ($this->stream_handle) {
 552              fwrite($this->stream_handle, $data);
 553          } else {
 554              $this->response_data .= $data;
 555          }
 556  
 557          $this->response_bytes += strlen($data);
 558          return $data_length;
 559      }
 560  
 561      /**
 562       * Format a URL given GET data
 563       *
 564       * @param string       $url  Original URL.
 565       * @param array|object $data Data to build query using, see {@link https://www.php.net/http_build_query}
 566       * @return string URL with data
 567       */
 568  	private static function format_get($url, $data) {
 569          if (!empty($data)) {
 570              $query     = '';
 571              $url_parts = parse_url($url);
 572              if (empty($url_parts['query'])) {
 573                  $url_parts['query'] = '';
 574              } else {
 575                  $query = $url_parts['query'];
 576              }
 577  
 578              $query .= '&' . http_build_query($data, '', '&');
 579              $query  = trim($query, '&');
 580  
 581              if (empty($url_parts['query'])) {
 582                  $url .= '?' . $query;
 583              } else {
 584                  $url = str_replace($url_parts['query'], $query, $url);
 585              }
 586          }
 587  
 588          return $url;
 589      }
 590  
 591      /**
 592       * Self-test whether the transport can be used.
 593       *
 594       * The available capabilities to test for can be found in {@see \WpOrg\Requests\Capability}.
 595       *
 596       * @codeCoverageIgnore
 597       * @param array<string, bool> $capabilities Optional. Associative array of capabilities to test against, i.e. `['<capability>' => true]`.
 598       * @return bool Whether the transport can be used.
 599       */
 600  	public static function test($capabilities = []) {
 601          if (!function_exists('curl_init') || !function_exists('curl_exec')) {
 602              return false;
 603          }
 604  
 605          // If needed, check that our installed curl version supports SSL
 606          if (isset($capabilities[Capability::SSL]) && $capabilities[Capability::SSL]) {
 607              $curl_version = curl_version();
 608              if (!(CURL_VERSION_SSL & $curl_version['features'])) {
 609                  return false;
 610              }
 611          }
 612  
 613          return true;
 614      }
 615  
 616      /**
 617       * Get the correct "Expect" header for the given request data.
 618       *
 619       * @param string|array $data Data to send either as the POST body, or as parameters in the URL for a GET/HEAD.
 620       * @return string The "Expect" header.
 621       */
 622  	private function get_expect_header($data) {
 623          if (!is_array($data)) {
 624              return strlen((string) $data) >= 1048576 ? '100-Continue' : '';
 625          }
 626  
 627          $bytesize = 0;
 628          $iterator = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveArrayIterator($data));
 629  
 630          foreach ($iterator as $datum) {
 631              $bytesize += strlen((string) $datum);
 632  
 633              if ($bytesize >= 1048576) {
 634                  return '100-Continue';
 635              }
 636          }
 637  
 638          return '';
 639      }
 640  }